Interception of Rainfall in Successional Tropical Dry Forests in Brazil and Costa Rica

Publicado en Geosciences, v. 8(12):486
Autores

Calvo-Alvarado , J.C., Jiménez-Rodríguez, C.D., Calvo-Obando, A.J., Espírito-Santo, M.M.and 
Gonçalves-Silva, T.
 

Año de publicación 2018
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120486
Afiliaciones
Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Barrio Los Ángeles, P.O. Box 159-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica
 
Water Resources Section, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Minas Gerais 39401-089, Brazil
Programa

CRN

Proyecto CRN3025
Keywords

Abstract

Tropical dry forests (TDF) are endangered ecosystems characterized by a matrix of successional forest patches with structural differences across the Neotropics. Until now, there have been few studies that analyze the partitioning of rainfall by forest interception in TDF. To contribute to the understanding of the TDF impact on the hydrological dynamic at the ecosystem and landscape levels, a rainfall interception study was conducted in Santa Rosa National Park in Costa Rica (SRNP) and in Mata Seca State Park in Brazil (MSSP). In each site, three plots per successional stage were studied. The successional stages were early, intermediate, and late. In each plot the rainfall, throughfall, and stemflow were monitored during one rainy season. The relationship between gross rainfall and water fluxes was evaluated using linear regression models. In general, net rainfall oscillated from 79.3% to 85.4% of gross rainfall in all the plots in MSSP without any trend related to forest succession, due to the effect of a high density of lianas in the intermediate and late stage plots. In SRNP, there was a clear trend of net rainfall among successional stages: 87.5% (early), 73.0% (intermediate), and 63.4% (late). Net rainfall correlated negatively only with plant area index in SRNP (r = &minus0.755, p < 0.05). This study highlights the need to study rainfall interception in successional stages to estimate net rainfall that reaches the soil. This would provide better hydrological information to understand water balance and water fluxes at the level of forest ecosystems and landscapes.